While police may classify handcuffs as a tool rather than a weapon, they can directly cause injury and are a common element in police brutality.

A taser (also known as a conducted electrical weapon, electroshock weapon or electronic control device) is a weapon that delivers an electric shock of up to 50,000 volts to its victim, causing extreme pain and disabling muscle function. They are marketed as an alternative to firearms but have not been shown to reduce police shootings

Batons are high impact weapons designed to cause pain and injury ranging from bruising to broken bones. They are especially dangerous when striking the head, neck, chest, spine, kidney and tail bone. Striking in these areas can cause unconsciousness, permanent disabilities, or death.

Baton rounds or kinetic impact projectiles are bullets that are designed to cause pain in victims. Despite their marketing as “less lethal” these bullets can cause severe injury or death. Some baton rounds are designed to be fired from regular firearms, and others for use with specialist riot guns which resemble shotguns or grenade launchers.